| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Alférez Real ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Alférez
In medieval Iberia, an ''alférez'' (, ) or ''alferes'' (, ) was a high-ranking official in the household of a king or magnate. The term is derived from the Arabic الفارس (''al-fāris''), meaning "horseman" or "cavalier", and it was commonly Latinised as ''alferiz'' or ''alferis'', although it was also translated into Latin as ''armiger'' or ''armentarius'', meaning "armour-bearer". The connexion with arms-bearing is visible in several Latin synonyms: ''fertorarius'', ''inferartis'', and ''offertor''. The office was sometimes the same as that of the standard-bearer or ''signifer''.〔Simon Barton, ''The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile'' (Cambridge, 1997), 142–44.〕 The ''alférez'' was generally the next highest-ranking official after the majordomo.〔Simon Barton, ''The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile'' (Cambridge, 1997), 59.〕 He was generally in charge of the king or magnate's ''mesnada'' (private army), his personal retinue of knights, and perhaps also of his armoury and his guard. He generally followed his lord on campaign and into battle.
The office of ''alférez'' originated in the tenth century.〔 In the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth and eleventh centuries, the office of ''alférez'' changed hands with higher frequency than others, and there is also evidence of rotation. It is the only courtly office for which two officers are cited at the same time: Fortún Jiménez and Ortí Ortiz were both ''inferartes'' in a charter of 1043. In the kingdoms of Castile and León in the eleventh and twelfth centuries the office was generally bestowed on young noble members of the court, often as a prelude to promotion to the rank of count.〔 It is known that Alfonso VIII of Castile rewarded his ''alférez'' Álvaro Núñez de Lara with the grant of a village for carrying his standard in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.〔The date of the grant was 31 October 1212; the village was Castroverde; and the surviving charter reads: "for the many services which you have done me in the field of battle, carrying my standard as a brave man" (''pro seruitio plurimum comendando quod michi in campestri prelio fecistis, cum uexillum meum sicut uir strenuus tenuistis, cum Almiralmomeninum regem Cartaginis deuici''). Cited in Simon Barton, ''The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile'' (Cambridge, 1997), 142 n217.〕
==List of ''alféreces''==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Alférez」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|